英語 - リスニング

スクリプト：
Questions No.27 to 32
What is happiness? Can we be happy and promote sustainable development? Since 2012, the World Happiness Report has been issued by a United Nations organization to develop new approaches to economic sustainability for the sake of happiness and well-being. The reports show that Scandinavian countries are consistently ranked as the happiest societies on earth. But what makes them so happy? In Denmark, for example, leisure time is often spent with others. That kind of environment makes Danish people happy thanks to a tradition called “hygge,” spelled H-Y-G-G-E. Hygge means coziness or comfort and describes the feeling of being loved.

This word became well-known worldwide in 2016 as an interpretation of mindfulness or wellness. Now, hygge is at risk of being commercialized. But hygge is not about the material things we see in popular images like candlelit rooms and cozy bedrooms with hand-knit blankets. Real hygge happens anywhere ― in public or in private, indoors or outdoors, with or without candles. The main point of hygge is to live a life connected with loved ones while making ordinary essential tasks meaningful and joyful.

Perhaps Danish people are better at appreciating the small, “hygge” things in life because they have no worries about basic necessities. Danish people willingly pay from 30 to 50 percent of their income in tax. These high taxes pay for a good welfare system that provides free healthcare and education. Once basic needs are met, more money doesn’t guarantee more happiness. While money and material goods seem to be highly valued in some countries like the US, people in Denmark place more value on socializing. Nevertheless, Denmark has above-average productivity according to the OECD.

問27 　ワークシートの空欄27に入れるのに最も適切なものを，四つの選択肢（①～④）のうちから一つ選びなさい。

• ① a sustainable development goal beyond
• ② a sustainable economy supporting
• ③ a sustainable natural environment for
• ④ a sustainable society challenging

問28 ～ 31 　ワークシートの空欄28 ～ 31に入れるのに最も適切なものを，六つの選択肢（①～⑥）のうちから一つずつ選びなさい。選択肢は2回以上使ってもかまいません。
① goods 　　② relationships 　　③ tasks
④ everywhere 　　⑤ indoors 　　⑥ outdoors

問32 　講義の内容と一致するものはどれか。最も適切なものを，四つの選択肢（①～④）のうちから一つ選びなさい。32

• ① Danish people are against high taxes to maintain a standard of living.
• ② Danish people spend less money on basic needs than on socializing.
• ③ Danish people’s income is large enough to encourage a life of luxury.
• ④ Danish people’s welfare system allows them to live meaningful lives.